An Australian Transport Safety Bureau investigation report into the fatal crash of a Cessna 172 near Moorabbin Airport has highlighted the importance of having a plan in the event of a loss of engine power.
VH-EWE crashed short of the airport in June 2018 after the pilot declared a MAYDAY and reported engine failure. The pilot tried to make a 180-degree turn towards a school oval, but according to the ATSB, the Cessna stalled in the turn leaving no time to regain control.
Both the Tower Controller and the Surface Movement Controller at Moorabbin noted the aircraft was in a nose-high attitude when the MAYDAY call was made and watched the aircraft's nose and left wing drop before it descended below the tree line.
ATSB investigators were not able to determine the reason for the engine failure given that no mechanical defects were found in the engine and the post-impact fire indicated the aircraft still had substantial fuel on board.
According to the ATSB, the engine may have suffered a partial power failure initially given that witnesses reported hearing the engine "spluttering", "struggling", and that it "sounded like a lawn mower struggling to start".
"The loss of engine power while on final approach presents a scenario where there may be limited forced landing options, especially when there is insufficient height to glide to the airport,” said ATSB Director Transport Safety Stuart Macleod.
“This is particularly relevant where the approach is over built-up areas, such as at Moorabbin Airport.
“Having a clear, defined emergency plan prior to the critical stages of the flight removes indecision and reduces pressure on the pilot while in a high-stress situation.
“Proficiency in in-flight emergencies can be improved by regularly practicing these emergencies. Additionally, flying the approach as per manufacturer and airport procedures places the aircraft in the optimum configuration and position.”
The ATSB report concluded that at the time the engine lost power, the aircraft was at a height that offered very few options for a forced landing.
The full report is on the ATSB website.